Ma aluminiyamu opangidwa ndi aluminiyamu amagawidwa m'magulu akuluakulu asanu ndi atatu kutengera zinthu zawo zazikulu zophatikizira, chilichonse chopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe osiyana a makina, kukana dzimbiri komanso kupangika kuti chigwirizane ndi zofunikira zina zamafakitale. Kwa mainjiniya ogula ndi magulu opanga mapangidwe, kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwa magiredi ndikofunikira kwambiri posankha zipangizo zotsika mtengo komanso zogwirizana ndi magwiridwe antchito a zigawo kuyambiramipata ya semiconductor kupita ku ndegekapangidwe kake. Pansipa pali kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane kwa mitundu yonse 8 ya aluminiyamu, mitundu yawo yayikulu yamalonda ndi ntchito zenizeni.
Mndandanda wa 1000: Aluminiyamu Yoyera Kwambiri Yogulitsa
Mndandanda wa 1000 uli ndi aluminiyamu yosagwiritsidwa ntchito yomwe ili ndi chiyero chochepa cha 99.0%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale banja la aluminiyamu yofewa kwambiri komanso yopepuka kwambiri.
Sichitha kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha, chimadalira ntchito yozizira yokha kuti chiwonjezere mphamvu zochepa. Zinthu zake zabwino kwambiri ndi monga kukana dzimbiri, kuyendetsa bwino magetsi ndi kutentha, komanso kupangika bwino kwambiri.
Magiredi apakati amalonda akuphatikizapo 1050, 1060, 1070 ndi 1100.
1060 ndi 1070 ndi miyezo yamakampani yogwiritsira ntchito mabasi amagetsi, zida zotumizira magetsi ndi masinki otentha omwe amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zoyendetsera bwino. 1100 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'matanki osungiramo mankhwala, zojambulazo zopaka chakudya, mapanelo okongoletsera ndi ziwiya za kukhitchini, chifukwa imasunga kukana dzimbiri m'malo osalowerera ndale komanso owononga pang'ono.
Mndandanda wa 2000: Aluminiyamu-Mkuwa (Al-Cu) Alloys
Ma alloy a 2000 ndi zinthu zolimba kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa ndi mkuwa ngati chinthu chachikulu chopangira alloy, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi magnesium ndi manganese.
Mphamvu zawo zokoka zimatha kufanana ndi chitsulo chofewa, koma zimakhala ndi kukana dzimbiri kochepa ndipo zimafuna zokutira zoteteza kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito panja kwa nthawi yayitali.
Giredi yodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi 2024, kutsatiridwa ndi 2017 ndi 2124.
2024-T3 ndiye muyezo woyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kapangidwe ka ndege, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zikopa za mapiko a ndege, mafelemu a fuselage, zida zolandirira ndege ndi zomangira zamphamvu kwambiri. Umapezekanso kwambiri m'zida zankhondo ndi zida zamakanika zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komwe chiŵerengero champhamvu kwambiri pakati pa kulemera ndi kulemera ndichofunika kwambiri.
Mndandanda wa 3000: Aluminiyamu-Manganese (Al-Mn) Alloys
3000 series ndi banja losachiritsika kutentha lomwe limalimbikitsidwa ndi manganese, lomwe limapereka mphamvu zochepa, mawonekedwe abwino komanso kukana dzimbiri kofanana ndi aluminiyamu yoyera.
Ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yotsika mtengo kwambiri ya aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi zinthu zambiri.
Magiredi ofunikira akuphatikizapo 3003, 3004 ndi 3105.
3003 ndi njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zambiri, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma ducts a HVAC, matanki amafuta a magalimoto, zomangamanga ndi ziwiya zophikira. 3004 ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitini za aluminiyamu, chifukwa chimachepetsa kukoka kwambiri komanso kukana kubowoka. 3105 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga denga ndi ma cladding panels okhala m'nyumba ndi m'mabizinesi.
4000 Series: Aluminium-Silicon (Al-Si) Aloyi
Ma alloy 4000 amagwiritsa ntchito silicon ngati chinthu chachikulu chopangira alloy, chomwe chimachepetsa kusungunuka ndikuwongolera kusinthasintha kwa chitsulo chosungunuka popanda kupangitsa kuti chikhale chofooka.
Ma grade ambiri satha kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zinthu zodzaza m'malo mwa zinthu zoyambira.
Magiredi ofanana a mafakitale ndi 4043 ndi 4047.
4043 ndi waya wowotcherera wa aluminiyamu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikiza zigawo za 5000 ndi 6000. 4047 ndi yabwino kwambiri pazigawo za foil yokhala ndi silicon brazing komanso injini zamagalimoto monga ma piston, ma cylinder liners ndi ma valve bodies, komwe kumafunika kukana kuwonongeka ndi kutentha kochepa.
Mndandanda wa 5000: Aluminiyamu-Magnesium (Al-Mg) Alloys
Mndandanda wa 5000 ndi gulu la aluminiyamu lomwe silingathe kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, lomwe limalimbikitsidwa ndi kuuma kwa magnesium solid solution.
Imapereka kukana dzimbiri bwino makamaka m'malo okhala ndi madzi a m'nyanja ndi m'malo opopera mchere ndipo imatha kusunthika bwino komanso imakhala ndi mphamvu yapakati mpaka yapamwamba.
Magiredi apakati akuphatikizapo 5052, 5754, 5083 ndi 5086.
5052 ndi mtundu woyamba wa ntchito zopangira zitsulo za pepala, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makoma amagetsi, mapanelo a magalimoto ndi m'mitsempha yodzaza ndi mphamvu.5083, yomwe imadziwika kuti aloyi ya kalasi ya m'madzi, ndiye muyezo wabwino kwambiri wa zombo zonyamula katundu, zomangamanga zakunja kwa nyanja, matanki osungiramo LNG ndi ma semiconductor vacuum cavities, chifukwa cha kukana kwake dzimbiri pakati pa granular pambuyo pa kuwotcherera komanso kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mndandanda wa 6000: Aluminiyamu-Magnesium-Silicon (Al-Mg-Si) Alloys
6000 ndi mndandanda wa aluminiyamu wogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri womwe umatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha, womwe umaphatikiza mphamvu yapakati, kukana dzimbiri bwino, makina abwino kwambiri komanso luso lapadera lopaka mafuta.
Ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha ma profiles opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina a CNC.
Magiredi otsogola ndi 6061, 6063, 6082.
6061-T6 ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino kwambiri wa kapangidwe ka zinthu, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafelemu a zida zodziyimira pawokha, mafelemu a njinga, zida zamagalimoto, masinki otenthetsera magetsi ndi zida zina zamakanika. 6063 ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa ma profiles otulutsa aluminiyamu, mafelemu a mawindo ndi zokongoletsera, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri pambuyo pa anodizing. 6082 ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa kapangidwe ka zinthu ku Europe wogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zambiri komanso zoyendera.
Mndandanda wa 7000: Aluminiyamu-Zinc-Magnesium-Copper (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) Alloys
Mndandanda wa 7 ndi zitsulo zolimba kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha — gulu la aluminiyamu lamphamvu kwambiri lomwe limapezeka m'masitolo — zokhala ndi zinc ndi magnesium ngati zinthu zazikulu zolimbitsa.
Mphamvu zawo zimatha kupitirira zitsulo zambiri za kaboni, koma zimakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kusweka kwa dzimbiri ndipo zimafuna kusankhidwa bwino kwa kutentha kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera.
Giredi yoyamba ndi 7075, ndipo 7050 ndi 7079 ndi njira zina zapamwamba kwambiri zolimba.
7075-T6 ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa ndege, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafelemu akuluakulu a ndege, ma spars a mapiko, zida zankhondo ndi zida zankhondo. Ndiwonso chinthu chodziwika bwino cha machining molds apamwamba a CNC, mafelemu a njinga, zida zokwera miyala ndi zida zothamanga zamagalimoto zapamwamba.
Mndandanda wa 8000: Ma aluminiyamu apadera
Mndandanda wa 8000 umaphatikizapo zitsulo zonse za aluminiyamu zomwe sizili m'magulu 1000 mpaka 7000, makamaka zitsulo za aluminiyamu-lithiamu, zitsulo za aluminiyamu-tin ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi zitsulo.
Zapangidwira ntchito zapadera, zamtengo wapatali zomwe zili ndi zofunikira zapadera zogwirira ntchito.
Magiredi odziwika bwino amalonda ndi 8011, 8079 ndi 8090.
8011 ndi 8079 ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zopangira mapepala ophikira chakudya ndi mankhwala, komanso mapepala osonkhanitsira magetsi a lithiamu-ion batire m'gawo latsopano la mphamvu lomwe likukula mofulumira. 8090, aloyi yapamwamba ya aluminiyamu-lithium, imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapangidwe a ndege a m'badwo wotsatira chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kopepuka komanso kuuma kwake kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lichepetse kulemera kwake poyerekeza ndi magiredi a aluminiyamu wamba.
Buku Lotsogolera Kusankha kwa Ogula Mafakitale
Kusankha aloyi woyenera kumadalira zinthu zitatu zazikulu: mphamvu ya makina yofunikira, malo ogwirira ntchito (mlingo wa dzimbiri, kutentha) ndi njira zoyambira zopangira (kuwotcherera, makina a CNC, kupondaponda). Pakugwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kake ndi makina oyenera, 6061 ndiye chisankho chokhazikika chotsika mtengo. Pazinthu zapamadzi ndi zowononga, 5083 siili yofanana. Pazinthu zoyendera ndege ndi zida zonyamula katundu wambiri, 7075 ndiye muyezo wakale wamakampani.
Monga wogulitsa waluso wa mapepala a aluminiyamu, mipiringidzo, machubu ndi kulondolaNtchito zokonza makina a CNC,Tili ndi aluminiyamu yonse kuyambira 1000 mpaka 8000 muzofunikira komanso zodziwika bwino, zonse zopangidwa motsatira miyezo ya ASTM ndi EN yokhala ndi kutsata kwathunthu kwa zinthu. Gulu lathu laukadaulo limapereka malangizo aulere osankha magiredi ndi mayankho opangidwa mwamakonda kwa makasitomala apadziko lonse lapansi m'mafakitale a semiconductor, a m'madzi, a ndege ndi magalimoto. Lumikizanani nafe lero kuti mupemphe pepala latsatanetsatane la zinthu ndi mtengo wosinthidwa wa polojekiti yanu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-10-2026