Afirika ndi amodzi mwa madera omwe amapanga kwambiri bauxite. Dziko la Guinea, lomwe ndi la ku Africa, ndi dziko limene limagulitsa kwambiri bauxite padziko lonse lapansi ndipo lili pachiŵiri pakupanga bauxite. Mayiko ena aku Africa omwe amapanga bauxite ndi Ghana, Cameroon, Mozambique, Cote d'Ivoire, ndi zina.
Ngakhale kuti Africa ili ndi bauxite yambiri, derali likusowabe kupanga aluminiyamu chifukwa cha magetsi osadziwika bwino, kulepheretsa ndalama zachuma ndi zamakono, kusakhazikika kwa ndale, komanso kusowa kwaukadaulo. Pali zosungunulira za aluminiyamu zingapo zomwe zimagawidwa mu kontinenti yonse ya Africa, koma ambiri aiwo sangathe kufikira momwe amapangira ndipo samatenga njira zotseka, monga Bayside Aluminium ku South Africa ndi Alscon ku Nigeria.
1. HILLSIDE Aluminium (South Africa)
Kwa zaka zoposa 20, HILLSIDE Aluminium yakhala ikugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamakampani a aluminiyamu ku South Africa.
The smelter aluminiyamu yomwe ili ku Richards Bay, KwaZulu Natal Province, pafupifupi makilomita 180 kumpoto kwa Durban, imapanga aluminiyumu yapamwamba kwambiri yogulitsira kunja.
Gawo lazitsulo zamadzimadzi limaperekedwa ku Isizinda Aluminiyamu kuti zithandizire chitukuko chamakampani akumunsi a aluminium ku South Africa, pomwe Isizinda Aluminium amapereka.mbale za aluminiyamukwa Hulamin, kampani yakumeneko yomwe imapanga zinthu zamisika yapakhomo komanso yogulitsa kunja.
Chosungunulacho chimagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu yochokera ku Worsley Alumina ku Australia kuti apange aluminiyamu yapamwamba kwambiri. Hillside ili ndi mphamvu yopanga pachaka ya matani pafupifupi 720000, ndikupangitsa kukhala wamkulu kwambiri wopanga aluminiyamu kum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi.
2. MOZAL Aluminium (Mozambique)
Mozambique ndi dziko la kumwera kwa Africa, ndipo MOZAL Aluminium Company ndi omwe amalemba ntchito m’mafakitale ambiri m’dzikoli, ndipo akuthandizira kwambiri chuma cha m’dzikoli. Chomera cha aluminiyamu chili pamtunda wa makilomita 20 okha kumadzulo kwa Maputo, likulu la dziko la Mozambique.
The smelter ndiye ndalama zazikulu kwambiri zaumwini m'dzikoli komanso ndalama zoyamba zakunja zakunja za $ 2 biliyoni, zomwe zimathandiza Mozambique kumanganso pambuyo pa chipwirikiti.
South32 ili ndi 47.10% ya masheya ku Mozambique Aluminium Company, Mitsubishi Corporation Metals Holding GmbH ili ndi 25% ya magawo, Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Limited ili ndi 24% ya magawo, ndipo boma la Republic of Mozambique lili ndi 3.90% ya magawo.
Kutulutsa koyamba kwapachaka kwa smelter kunali matani 250000, ndipo pambuyo pake kudakulitsidwa kuchokera ku 2003 mpaka 2004. Tsopano, ndiye wopanga wamkulu kwambiri wa aluminiyumu ku Mozambique komanso wachiwiri waukulu kwambiri wopanga aluminiyumu ku Africa, wokhala ndi matani pafupifupi 580000 pachaka. Amapanga 30% ya zinthu zogulitsa kunja kwa Mozambique komanso amagwiritsa ntchito 45% ya magetsi aku Mozambique.
MOZAL yayambanso kupereka ku bizinesi yoyamba ya aluminiyamu yaku Mozambique, ndipo kutukuka kwamakampani akumunsiwa kudzalimbikitsa chuma cham'deralo.
3. EGYPTALUM (Egypt)
Egyptalum ili pamtunda wa makilomita 100 kumpoto kwa mzinda wa Luxor. Kampani ya Aluminiyamu ya ku Egypt ndi yomwe imapanga zotayidwa zazikulu kwambiri ku Egypt komanso m'modzi mwa opanga zazikuluzikulu za aluminiyumu ku Africa, ndipo amapanga matani 320000 pachaka. Damu la Aswan linapatsa kampaniyo magetsi ofunikira.
Mwa kulabadira chisamaliro cha ogwira ntchito ndi atsogoleri, mosalekeza kutsata mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri ndikuyenda ndi chitukuko chilichonse chamakampani a aluminiyamu, Kampani ya Aluminiyamu yaku Egypt yakhala imodzi mwamakampani akuluakulu apadziko lonse lapansi pantchito imeneyi. Amagwira ntchito moona mtima komanso kudzipereka, kuyendetsa kampaniyo kukhazikika komanso utsogoleri.
Pa Januware 25, 2021, a Hisham Tawfik, Minister of Public Utilities, adalengeza kuti boma la Egypt likukonzekera kukhazikitsa ntchito zamakono za Egyptalum, kampani yapadziko lonse ya aluminiyamu yomwe idatchulidwa ku EGX ngati Igupto Aluminium Viwanda (EGAL).
Tawfik adatinso, "Katswiri wa projekiti Bechtel wochokera ku United States akuyembekezeka kumaliza kafukufuku wotheka wa polojekitiyi pofika pakati pa 2021.
Kampani ya Aluminium yaku Egypt ndi gawo la Metallurgical Industry Holding Company, ndipo makampani onsewa ali pansi pazamalonda.
4. VALCO (Ghana)
Makina osungunula aluminiyamu a VALCO ku Ghana ndi malo oyamba ogulitsa mafakitale padziko lonse lapansi m'dziko lotukuka kumene. VALCO oveteredwa mphamvu kupanga ndi 200000 metric matani pulayimale zotayidwa pachaka; Komabe, pakali pano, kampaniyo imangogwira 20% yokha, ndipo kumanga malo otere ndi mphamvu kungafune ndalama zokwana $ 1.2 biliyoni.
VALCO ndi kampani yocheperako yomwe ili ndi boma la Ghana ndipo ikugwirabe ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazantchito za boma zopanga Integrated Aluminium Industry (IAI). Pogwiritsa ntchito VALCO monga msana wa polojekiti ya IAI, dziko la Ghana likukonzekera kuwonjezera phindu ku malo ake opitilira matani 700 miliyoni a bauxite ku Kibi ndi Nyinahin, ndikupanga mtengo wopitilira $105 thililiyoni komanso mwayi wabwino wopitilira 2.3 miliyoni. Kafukufuku wotheka wa VALCO smelter amatsimikizira kuti VALCO idzakhala gawo lalikulu lachitukuko cha Ghana komanso mzati weniweni wamakampani opanga aluminiyamu ku Ghana.
VALCO pakali pano ikugwira ntchito pamakampani opanga aluminiyamu ku Ghana kudzera pazitsulo komanso ntchito zina. Kuphatikiza apo, malo a VALCO amathanso kukumana ndi kukula komwe kukuyembekezeka kukula kwamakampani akumunsi a aluminiyamu aku Ghana.
5. ALUCAM (Cameroon)
Alucam ndi kampani yopanga aluminiyamu yomwe ili ku Cameroon. Adapangidwa ndi P é chiney Ugine. The smelter ili ku Ed é a, likulu la dipatimenti ya Sanaga Maritime m'mphepete mwa nyanja, makilomita 67 kuchokera ku Douala.
Kuthekera kwapachaka kwa Alucam kuli pafupifupi 100000, koma chifukwa cha mphamvu zamagetsi, sikunathe kukwaniritsa cholinga chake.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-11-2025